India

Tirukkural

Tirukkural

Virtue, wealth, and love form a single integrated path to a well-lived life, condensed into couplets terse enough to be memorized by anyone regardless of caste or creed.

A work of 1,330 rhymed couplets organized into 133 chapters across three books on virtue, wealth and statecraft, and love, attributed to the poet-philosopher Thiruvalluvar, whose biography is almost entirely legendary. Traditionally associated with the Sangam assembly at Madurai, though a separate tradition places him at Mylapore, its precise date is debated across several centuries. It is distinguished among classical Tamil works for a largely non-sectarian ethical stance, cited with approval across Hindu, Jain, and later Christian and secular Tamil readerships alike.

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